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United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC or FCCC) is an international environmental treaty produced at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), informally known as the Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro from June 3 to 14, 1992. The objective of the treaty is to stabilize greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. The treaty itself sets no mandatory limits on greenhouse gas emissions for individual countries and contains no enforcement mechanisms. In that sense, the treaty is considered legally non-binding. Instead, the treaty provides for updates (called "protocols") that would set mandatory emission limits. The principal update is the Kyoto Protocol, which has become much better known than the UNFCCC itself. The UNFCCC was opened for signature on May 9, 1992, after an Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee produced the text of the Framework Convention as a report following its meeting in New York from April 30 to May 9, 1992. It entered into force on March 21, 1994. As of December 2009, UNFCCC had 192 parties. One of its first tasks was to establish national greenhouse gas inventories of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and removals, which were used to create the 1990 benchmark levels for accession of Annex I countries to the Kyoto Protocol and for the commitment of those countries to GHG reductions. Updated inventories must be regularly submitted by Annex I countries. The UNFCCC is also the name of the United Nations Secretariat charged with supporting the operation of the Convention, with offices in Haus Carstanjen, Bonn, Germany. From 2006 to 2010 the head of the secretariat was Yvo de Boer; on May 17, 2010 his successor, Christiana Figueres from Costa Rica has been named. The Secretariat, augmented through the parallel efforts of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), aims to gain consensus through meetings and the discussion of various strategies. The parties to the convention have met annually from 1995 in Conferences of the Parties (COP) to assess progress in dealing with climate change. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol was concluded and established legally binding obligations for developed countries to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions. |
Conferences of the Parties 1995 COP 1, The Berlin Mandate 1996 COP 2, Geneva, Switzerland 1997 COP 3, The Kyoto Protocol on Climate Change 1998 COP 4, Buenos Aires, Argentina 1999 COP 5, Bonn, Germany 2000 COP 6, The Hague, Netherlands 2001 COP 6, Bonn, Germany 2001 COP 7, Marrakech, Morocco 2002 COP 8, New Delhi, India 2003 COP 9, Milan, Italy 2004 COP 10, Buenos Aires, Argentina 2005 COP 11/MOP 1, Montreal, Canada 2006 COP 12/MOP 2, Nairobi, Kenya 2007 COP 13/MOP 3, Bali, Indonesia 2008 COP 14/MOP 4, Pozna?, Poland 2009 COP 15/MOP 5, Copenhagen, Denmark 2010 COP 16/MOP 6, Cancun, Mexico 2011 COP 17/MOP 7, South Africa 2012 COP 18/MOP 8 Looking for more information about UNFCCC? Visit: http://unfccc.int/ |
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