At one time, atherosclerosis was thought to be a simple lipid storage disease. However, it is now recognized as a chronic and progressive inflammation of the arterial wall. Gene deletion experiments i...
Cultured primary human keratinocytes were screened for their expression of various members of the toll-like receptor (TLR) family. Keratinocytes were found to constitutively express TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, ...
Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 play important roles in innate immune responses to various microbial agents. We have previously shown that human dermal endothelial cells (HMEC) express TLR4, but ...
When we interact with a system, we often require a way of issuing commands to access the available functionality. Within desktop environments, the issuing of commands has received much attention, resu...
Until recently, adaptive immunity and cytotoxic T cells were considered as the only essential components of the antiviral defence arsenal. Additional data that do not rule out the crucial role of thes...
[Toll-dependent and toll-independent innate antiviral immunity]
[Article in French]
Georgel P, Bahram S.
Laboratoire d'Immunog?n?tique Mol?culaire Humaine, Centre de Recherche en Immunologie et...
The multifaceted response of the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster to infection by a wide range of microbes is complex and remarkably efficient. Its most prominent aspect is the immune-inducible expres...
Innate immunity is the first-line host defense of multicellular organisms that rapidly operates to limit infection upon exposure to microbes. It involves intracellular signaling pathways in the fruit-...