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The AB5 (or AB5) toxins are six-component protein complexes secreted by a number of pathogenic bacteria. All share a similar structure and mechanism for entering targeted host cells. A complete AB5 toxin complex contains six protein units. Five – the B subunits – are similar or identical in structure; the remaining A subunit is unique. The A subunit (or a portion thereof) of an AB5 toxin is the portion of the complex responsible for toxicity. Typically it will have enzymatic activity inside the host cell.
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