Group - GRIPE PORCINA - SWINE FLU

 


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    Gripe porcina: La gripe porcina es una enfermedad vírica que ataca a los porcinos pero ocasionalmente se transmite a los seres humanos.\\r\\nLa gripe porcina (también conocida como influenza porcina o gripe del cerdo) es una enfermedad infecciosa causada por cualquier virus perteneciente a la familia Orthomyxoviridae, que es endémica en poblaciones porcinas. Estas cepas virales, conocidas como virus de la influenza porcina o SIV (por las siglas en inglés de «Swine Influenza Viruses») han sido clasificadas en Influenzavirus C o en alguno de los subtipos del género Influenzavirus A (siendo las cepas más conocidas H1N1, H3N2, H3N3 —aislada en Québec— y H1N2 —aislada en Japón y Europa).\\r\\nAunque la gripe porcina no afecta con regularidad a la población humana, existen casos esporádicos de infecciones en personas. Generalmente, estos casos se presentan en quienes trabajan con aves de corral y con cerdos, especialmente los sujetos que se hallan expuestos intensamente a este tipo de animales, y tienen mayor riesgo de infección, de gripe porcina ,en caso de que éstos porten alguna cepa viral que también sea capaz de infectar a los humanos.Esto es debido a que los SIV pueden mutar y adicionalmente, mediante un proceso denominado reclasificación, adquirir características que permiten su transmisión entre personas. Además, tienen la capacidad de modificar su estructura para impedir que las defensas de un organismo tengan siempre la misma eficacia, ocasionando que los virus ataquen de nuevo con un mayor efecto nocivo para la salud.\r\n\r\nSwine influenza: Swine influenza (also called swine flu, hog flu, and pig flu) refers to influenza caused by those strains of influenza virus, called swine influenza virus (SIV), that usually infect pigs. Swine influenza is common in pigs in the midwestern United States (and occasionally in other states), Mexico, Canada, South America, Europe (including the United Kingdom, Sweden, and Italy), Kenya, Mainland China, Taiwan, Japan and other parts of eastern Asia.\\r\\nTransmission of swine influenza virus from pigs to humans is not common and properly cooked pork poses no risk of infection. When transmitted, the virus does not always cause human influenza and often the only sign of infection is the presence of antibodies in the blood, detectable only by laboratory tests. When transmission results in influenza in a human, it is called zoonotic swine flu.\r\n\r\nSchweineinfluenza: Die Schweineinfluenza (auch Schweinegrippe oder Porzine Influenza) ist eine akut verlaufende Infektionskrankheit der Atemwege bei Hausschweinen. Die Schweineinfluenza wird durch porzine (dem Schwein zugehörige) Influenzaviren verursacht, die der Virusgattung Influenzavirus A, Spezies Influenza-A-Virus angehören. Durch Reassortment der Segmente des RNA-Genoms von porzinen und humanen Influenzaviren kann es bei Ausbrüchen von Schweineinfluenza zur Entstehung neuer antigenetischer Varianten kommen (Antigenshift), die für das Tier oder den Menschen neue pathogene Eigenschaften besitzen. Diese neu entstehenden Subtypen (Reassortanten) sind jedoch keine klassischen Erreger der Schweineinfluenza.  



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