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PubMed |
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Abstract: [Drug treatment of cholestatic liver diseases] [Article in German] Reichen J. Institut f?r Klinische Pharmakologie, Universit?t Bern. After a brief summary of the pathophysiology and natural history of different cholestatic disorders novel forms of treatment are considered. Treatment of different syndromes with ursodeoxycholic acid is considered in some depth. While the substance has clearly proven its efficacy in the symptomatic treatment, its influence on hard parameters such as survival and transplantation requirements remains to be documented. S-adenoylmethionine has shown to be efficaceous in some but not all studies on pruritus of pregnancy. The substance holds promise in other cholestatic disorders as well, but clearly more studies are needed before its therapeutic potential can be appreciated. Finally, nowadays orthotopic liver transplantation should be considered early in patients with progressive cholestatic liver disorders. PMID: 1621232 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
In spite of the high importance of subjective opinions as essential evaluation criteria there are hardly any studies available, dealing with the research of subjective judgements made by children and adolescent patients in relation to their inpatient treatment, and comparison with the evaluation of their parents. The evaluative study on an age-group random sample survey (n=95) of patients and parents at the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at the University of Heidelberg includes success of treatment, experience of treatment and sa...
A randomised double-blind comparison of three treatment strategies in 533 patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension over 6-9 months. The low-dose perindopril/indapamide (PER/IND) combination (2 mg and 0.625 mg, respectively) daily resulted in a significantly better blood pressure control and systolic blood pressure decrease. In addition, the low-dose PER/IND combination showed superior efficacy/safety criteria than the sequential strategy of atenolol (50 mg) then losartan (50 mg) then amlodipine (5 mg), and the step-by-step strategy of valsar...
In general, randomized controlled studies concerning return to work have failed to demonstrate significant treatment effects for long-lasting musculoskeletal pain, and most treatments examined have not been economically beneficial. Individuals (n=654) sick-listed for at least 8 weeks with musculoskeletal pain, selected from the Norwegian mandatory sickness insurance system and volunteering to participate, were categorized into three groups differing in a prognosis score (good, medium, poor) for return to work, based on a brief, standardized scr...
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether racial and ethnic disparities in publicly funded alcohol treatment completion are due to racial differences in attending outpatient and residential treatment. METHODS: Statistical analysis of alcohol treatment completion rates using alcohol treatment patients' discharge records from all publicly funded treatment facilities in Los Angeles County from 1998 to 2000 (n = 10,591). RESULTS: Among these patients, African American (OR = 0.52; 95% CI 0.47, 0.57) and Hispanic (OR = 0.89; 95% CI 0.81, 0.99) patients were si...
A review of 384 studies of psychologically oriented alcoholism treatment showed that differences in treatment methods did not significantly affect long-term outcome. Mean abstinence rates did not differ between treated and untreated alcoholics, but more treated than nontreated alcoholics improved, suggesting that formal treatment at least increases an alcoholic's chances of reducing his drinking problem.
This open, randomized study (ONE: On-demand Nexium Evaluation) compared the two long-term management options with esomeprazole 20 mg--continuous daily or on-demand treatment--in endoscopically uninvestigated patients seeking primary care for symptoms suggestive of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) who demonstrated complete relief of symptoms after four weeks of initial treatment with esomeprazole 40 mg. In total 1904 patients were randomized. During 26 weeks 913 patients received continuous daily therapy with esomeprazole 20 mg, once daily...
This outcome study compared six- and 12-month return-to-custody data for 171 treatment participants and 145 nontreated general population inmates at the Central California Women's Facility (implementing a traditional TC program). Findings showed that there were no differences between the TC treatment group and the no treatment comparison group with regard to six- and 12-month return-to-custody rates (six-month: 16% vs. 16% and 12-month: 36% vs. 27%). The only significant difference in six-month return-to-custody rates was found between treatmen...
Acute type A aortic dissection is a surgical emergency. Treatment is based on dissected ascending aortic replacement and correction of an associated aortic insufficiency. Catheterization of the axillary artery, open distal anastomosis and systematic resection of the intimal tear are the main surgical evolutions of the last years. They allowed to significantly reduce intraoperative mortality rate particularly due to bleeding. Thirty days mortality rate of operated aortic dissection is about 20 to 30%. Visceral malperfusion syndromes induced by a...
A panel study of 189 in-treatment and 297 out-of-treatment "heavy" drug users was used to evaluate the hypothesis that drug users who participated in drug user treatment would have a greater degree of psychosocial improvement than those who did not participate in treatment. Although time in treatment was significantly associated with improvements in all three domains, a simple path model suggested that changes in cognitive functioning may have mediated changes in self-esteem and emotional functioning. These results indicate that treatment does ...