Seasonal affective disorder in a spinal cord injury population


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    • Author:  Joerres SG  Bonifay RE  Hastings JE  Saltzstein RJ  Hayes TJ.  

    • Abstract:  Seasonal affective disorder in a spinal cord injury population. Joerres SG, Bonifay RE, Hastings JE, Saltzstein RJ, Hayes TJ. Spinal Cord Injury Service, Zablocki Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53295. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) has received formal research attention only within the last eight years. Diagnostic criteria for SAD include many characteristics typical of depression: sadness, low self-esteem, lack of energy, social withdrawal, and suicide ideation, and features of atypical depression: carbohydrate craving, overeating, weight gain, and hypersomnia. Differential diagnosis of the disorder depends on an onset in fall/winter and remission in spring/summer. It was hypothesized that spinal cord injury (SCI) patients would have a higher incidence of the disorder in the northern latitudes because of decreased outdoor activities in winter and because of such light-depriving winter survival tactics as installing opaque plastic for storm windows. SCI patient responded to a postal survey which included Rosenthal's Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire (SPAQ) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Results showed a substantially higher rate of SAD among SCI patients than in the normative sample. PMID: 1583505 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

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