Histamine hypersensitivity in mice induced by Bordetella pertussis or pharmacologic beta adrenergic blockade Effects of adrenergic cholinergic and other drugs

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The H1 receptor is a histamine receptor, and thus an importa...

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We determined the histamine content in the skin of 22 adults with atopic dermatitis, one patient with hyper-IgE-syndrome, and 20 controls by the enzymatic double isotope assay. In addition, we performed a pilot study of histamine degradation in the skin. We tested, furthermore, the releasability of histamine from skin sections of patients with atopic dermatitis and healthy controls upon challenge with acetylcholine, anti-IgE, and compound 48/80. Histamine was also determined in 13 plasma specimens and was always less than 1 ng/ml. The mean +/- ...

The pattern of histamine release from peripheral white blood cells in response to hyper-(sodium chloride, mannitol) and hypo-osmolar (water) stimuli was studied in order to determine the differences between non-atopic control and atopic asthmatic patients in histamine release caused by osmolar changes. All subjects showed histamine release to both hyper- and hypo-osmolar stimuli and this response was reproducible. Viability studies and the effect of time and temperature indicated that, at the extremes of hypo- and hyper-osmolality, histamine re...

Epidemiological studies suggest that bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) and elevated levels of serum IgE are more frequently found in current smokers than in ex-smokers. Since elevated serum IgE is associated with BHR under both in vivo and in vitro conditions, we aimed to assess whether smoking affects BHR independently from IgE. Lung resection material was obtained from 27 current smokers and 11 non-smokers with low serum IgE (< 100 U/mL). Peripheral airways were cut into rings and incubated overnight in the presence (passively sensitized) ...

An allergy examination was made on forty-eight consecutive bronchiectasis patients, with a mean age of 37 years. Eleven had confirmed asthma and another nine, making twenty in all (42%), had distinct allergic diathesis. Allergy to a specific allergen was established in five cases. 50% of the patients in the total series had bronchial histamine hyper-reactivity, eleven without asthma or distinct allergic diathesis. The results corroborate views previously reported of the role of asthmatic symptoms and allergic diathesis as aetiological factors o...

In order to assess bronchial responsiveness in patients with congestive heart failure secondary to congenital heart disease, we performed a histamine inhalation test while monitoring transcutaneous oxygen tension and compared the respiratory threshold to histamine with that obtained in patients with bronchial asthma. The inhalation test was performed by doubling concentrations of histamine solution for 2 min at 1 min intervals. The respiratory threshold of histamine was defined as the minimal concentration causing a drop in transcutaneous oxyge...

The histamine forming capacity (HFC) of acutely challenged airways from sensitised guinea pigs was investigated. After exposure to nebulised bovine serum albumin (BSA) or normal saline, animals were sacrificed, the pulmonary HFC determined and concurrent in vitro histamine log concentration response curves were constructed for parenchymal strips and tracheal muscle, the latter was field stimulated to record neurogenic responses. Exposure to BSA increased the HFC above controls for 24 hours (p < 0.001) and log concentration response curves for t...

BACKGROUND: Smoking and airway lability, which is expressed by histamine airway hyper-responsiveness, are known risk factors for development of respiratory symptoms. Smoking is also associated with increased mortality risks. We studied whether airway hyper-responsiveness is associated with increased mortality, and whether this risk was independent of smoking and reduced lung function. METHODS: We followed up 2008 inhabitants of the communities of Vlagtwedde, Vlaardingen, and Meppel (Netherlands), who had histamine challenge test data, from 1964...

An easy and accurate method of assessing bronchial hyper-reactivity could be of great value in identifying and classifying the degree of severity of asthma in children. The sensitivity and specificity of three methods of provocation, ie, histamine, nebulized water, and exercise, were compared in 20 asthmatic and 20 control children between ages 5 and 13 years. Three clinical categories of severity ranging from slight (Group 1) through moderate (Group 2) to severe asthma (Group 3) were identified. The three methods were compared in each subgroup...

A case of monoclonal IgE type lambda with IgE levels about 1 mg/ml has been followed for 6 years. Except for a slight asthma no signs of malignancies, parasitic infestations or other known diseases compatible with hyper-IgE have been found. By the combination of fractional ammonium sulphate precipitation, gel filtration, chromatofocusing, and subtraction affinity chromatography the IgE protein was isolated in an immunochemically pure and homogeneous form. Immunofluorescence of bone marrow cells showed about 1% IgE plasma cells. The amount of ba...

BACKGROUND: Basophils and mast cells are the main target cells in chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU). Besides the basopenia, intrinsic defects of the anti-IgE cross-linking signalling pathway of basophils have been described in CIU. OBJECTIVES: We sought to investigate the profile of expression of activation markers on basophils of patients with CIU and to explore the effect of interleukin (IL)-3 priming upon anti-IgE cross-linking stimuli through expression of activation markers and basophil histamine releasability. METHODS: Evaluation of the ...

Histamine is an important mediator released from activated mast cells provoked by allergen and has a substantial role in the pathophysiology of asthma. However, several lines of evidence indicate that histamine could also have important functions in the regulation of basic cell biological processes. We have used histidine decarboxylase gene-targeted (HDC-KO) mice, lacking histamine, to investigate the effect of histamine deficiency in an animal model of asthma. Our previous investigations revealed that HDC-KO mice had fewer mast cells with redu...

BACKGROUND: Guinea-pig models can provide the essential features of asthma, including early- (EAR) and late- (LAR) phase asthmatic responses, airway hyper-reactivity (AHR) and inflammatory cell influx; however, these components are rarely demonstrated all in the same model. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to establish a conscious guinea-pig model with these essential features of asthma and to correlate these with bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) histamine and nitric oxide (NO) levels. The model would be validated from the susceptibilit...